As the pandemic transformed various aspect buying behavior of the consumer, so did the retailers follows to match it. However, one of the legacies of the 2020 pandemic and the result of long restrictions of lockdowns, not all retailers are able to follow suit. This created an extensive list of malls and retail establishments questioning their existing business model and why could not bear the new business environment, which forced those retailers to file for bankruptcy. Yet, other retailers who prepared to tailor to the restriction saw it as opportunity to lead them to the market. During this same period, as consumers increased their reliance on online shopping, consumer spending shifted to the available retailing types. It increased sales for eCommerce in Indonesia, namely Tokopedia, Bukalapak, Shoppe, and many others. Though, the eCommerce boom during the pandemic was then challenged by the sudden consumer shift, which consumers flock back to malls and other entertainment venues. The lessen restriction on social interaction by the government has impacted the consumers’ not only toward buying patterns but also how they change their leisure preferences. This begs the question of the retail practitioners on what strategy is and whether their applied business model is sustainable. They should evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the cautions they must prepare. With this rising phenomenon, while nowadays, e-commerce has become a vital element of retail strategy, the coming success of retailers will, in the long run, hang on constructing a cohesive customer experience, both online and in stores.

The development of modern technology has penetrated the world of transportation in Indonesia. It can be seen from the emergence of ride-hailing application models in major cities in Indonesia (Exhibit 1). This ride-hailing application is a combination of motorcycle taxi transportation services and communication technology. This application is intended to make it easier for users to access transportation media that will be used in daily mobility. This online-based transportation application is also called the ride-hailing application, whose appearance in Indonesia began to rise in 2014 and peaked in 2017 (Exhibit 2). The phenomenon of online-based applications is an answer to people's needs for transportation that is easy to get, convenient, fast, and inexpensive. The most popular online transportation provider in Indonesia is Gojek and Grab.

The issue that is now the concern is the widespread finding of cases of fictional orders that aim to get massive bonuses, including the use of fake GPS to rig the driver's partner position. Fictional orders appear after new regulations from online transportation providers are considered to be harmful to the drivers. Service rates are lowered, and minimum payments are also deleted. The company also added a performance appraisal system for its drivers. This policy certainly has a positive and negative impact on the driver and management. The new rules will add to the list of burdens borne by drivers, namely pulses, gasoline, and vehicle service fees, while receipt of orders must reach 70 per cent to get a daily bonus. This new rule seems to eliminate the opportunity for the driver to get the daily bonus. This new rule also makes drivers unable to reject passenger orders directed by company management. Drivers only have 10 seconds to take the order, and if not taken, it will affect their performance as a driver.

Fintech’s business in Indonesia is growing rapidly nowadays, proven by the existence of many Fintech-based startup companies in the last few years. Fintech startup itself is starting to occupy a large part of the Indonesian startup industries. Fintech helps people to access financial products, facilitate transactions and improve their financial literacy easier. Fintech became highlight in September 2015 when Indonesia’s Fintech Association established. The goal is to set a trusted and reliable partner to build up Indonesia’s Fintech ecosystem. It come up from Indonesia enterprises and for Indonesians. Up to now, there are at least 140 Fintech players in Indonesia, with 55 of them joining the organization as full members.

 

In 2016, the Indonesia Financial Service Institution (POJK) issued new regulations and policies about fintech on off balance sheet (marketplace) lending and by Central Bank (BI) on Payment Transaction Processing. The growth of Fintech players has been skyrocketing, from only 7% in 2006/2007 to 78% a decade later. The number of the players are recorded around 135-140 companies. 43% of them play in the payment sector, such as mobile payment as well as payment gateway startups from various sectors, ranging from payment startups, lending, financial planning (personal finance), retail investment, crowdfunding, remittances, financial research, and others. Fintech reaches the younger generation who are more familiar with the internet and make use of the internet for all their needs. Fintech can also make things simpler and more efficient. Fintech uses technology, software and big data, it also uses social media data from its users that Fintech uses in conducting risk analysis.

The film industry in Indonesia began around 1950 marked by the production of the first film in Indonesia entitled Darah & Doa on March 30, 1950, and now celebrated as National Film Day. In the 1950s and 1960s cinemas began to appear in big cities like Jakarta, and the Indonesian cinema business community was formed, called the Indonesian Cinema Association (GABSI). From 1965 to 1970, the film industry experienced a difficult period due to the G30SPKI incident, which caused massive inflation and a decline in consumer purchasing power. In the 1980s videotape piracy began to emerge due to the limited number of cinemas. After going through difficult times, the Indonesian film industry began to rise with the emergence of the extensive Studio 21 cinema network in 1987 and began taking the small cinema market. In the 1990s, the film industry experienced a decline due to the irregular regulation of film registration in Indonesia so that the data on films produced became unclear. The emergence of VCD and DVD technology also caused interest in watching in the cinema decreased. Entering the 2000s, the film industry in Indonesia rose again with the emergence of several best-selling films in the market such as Petualangan Sherina, Ada Apa dengan Cinta, Eiffel I'm in Love, and Gie, which attracted the attention of various groups of people to watch in theatres.

 

Palm oil is one of the world’s most produced and consumed oils. This cheap, production-efficient and highly stable oil is used in a wide variety of food, cosmetic and hygiene products, and can be used as a source for biofuel or biodiesel. Most palm oil is produced in Asia, Africa and South America because the trees require warm temperatures, sunshine and plenty of rain in order to maximize production. In Indonesia, PT Perkebunan Nusantara as one of the companies owned by Government who specialized operating the palm oil production was challenged by the controversial cases in Sumatra. The case arises after the land clearing activities for the palm oil plantation that caused haze spread throughout several countries in Southeast Asia.

 

The land clearing cases in Sumatra island causes multiple adverse impacts to the environment, surrounding society, and to the business, itself. The 2015 Southeast Asian haze was an air pollution crisis affecting several countries in Southeast Asia. It was caused by PTPN from illegal slash-and-burn practices to open new palm oil plantation due to land clearing, principally on the Indonesian islands of Sumatra and Kalimantan, which then spread quickly in the dry season. This case has been the worst disaster not only for Indonesia but also other countries surrounded.