The PT Solusi Bangun Indonesia Tbk (SBI) case study provides an in-depth analysis of the company's journey through its corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives amidst its evolution and its challenges. PT SBI, a significant player in the Indonesian cement industry with a production capacity reaching 14.86 million tons of cement per year, has undergone several transformations, including name changes and acquisitions, most notably being acquired by Holcim in 2006 and later by Semen Indonesia in 2018, leading to its rebranding as PT Solusi Bangun Indonesia Tbk. The study highlights the concerns and resistance from the local community and environmental activists regarding the continuation and execution of CSR programs following the transition from PT Holcim Indonesia Tbk to SBI. Despite initial suspicions and the perception of insufficient local job creation, SBI has strived to maintain its commitment to sustainable development, aiming to increase economic development, create livelihoods, and manage environmental resources responsibly. SBI's approach to CSR encompasses five distinct policies: SBI Cerdas (focusing on education and training), SBI Sehat (centred on public health initiatives), SBI Mandiri (aiming to support the growth of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs)), SBI Peduli (supporting infrastructure and social welfare), and SBI Lestari (dedicated to environmental conservation). Each policy reflects the company's efforts to foster a harmonious relationship with society and address the community's long-term needs. However, the case study also illuminates the challenges faced by SBI in implementing its CSR initiatives, including the alignment of CSR funds, the impact of negative perceptions fueled by mass and social media, and the difficulties in engaging with a broad spectrum of stakeholders. These challenges underscore the complexities of executing effective CSR programs that address immediate concerns and contribute to the long-term welfare and sustainability of the community. The case concludes by questioning whether SBI can maintain its reputation as an environmentally conscious and sustainable company while overcoming these obstacles, emphasising the need for more than just charitable activities to fulfil corporate social responsibilities effectively.

On Monday, February 1, 2021, President Joko Widodo inaugurated PT Bank Syariah Indonesia Tbk. (BSI) at the State Palace, Jakarta. This inauguration was a historic day for the development of the Islamic economy in Indonesia, which is a country with the largest Muslim population in the world. BSI is the result of a merger between PT Bank BRIsyariah Tbk, PT Bank Syariah Mandiri and PT Bank BNI Syariah. The merger permit was issued by OJK through letter Number: SR-3/PB.1/2021, which allowed the name change from PT Bank BRIsyariah Tbk to PT Bank Syariah Indonesia Tbk. The talk about the merger of the three government Islamic banks has been going on since 2015 with no clear realization. However, in March 2020, BUMN Minister Erick Thohir appointed Hery Gunardi, Deputy Director of Bank Mandiri at the time, as Chairman of the Project Management Office (PMO) for the merger of three Islamic owned banks. of BUMN. Hery Gunardi has a background and experience in overseeing the merger process during the formation of Bank Mandiri in 1998-1999. The merger and increase in value of the Islamic Bank began in early March 2020 and took about 11 months. During this period, there were several processes that needed to be gone through, from due diligence, signing of the merger deed, filing information, and obtaining permits from the OJK. BSI had assets worth IDR 240 trillion with a core capital of more than IDR 22.6 trillion, which placed the company in the list of the 7 largest banks in Indonesia in terms of assets. The financing reached IDR 157 billion with third party funds (DPK) reaching IDR 157 billion. BSI is expected to become one of the 10 largest Islamic banks in the world in terms of market capitalization in the next 5 years. The composition of shareholders in the merged bank was PT Bank Mandiri (BMRI) at 51.2 percent, PT Bank Negara Indonesia (BNI) at 25 percent, PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia or (BBRI) at 17.4 percent, DPLK BRI - Sharia Shares at 2 percent, and the public 4.4 percent. The shareholding structure was based on the calculation of the valuation of each of the banks participating in the merger. BSI was expected to enhance Islamic financial services and products in Indonesia. The sharia economy is becoming increasingly important in Indonesia because the majority of the population embraces Islam. Bank Syariah Indonesia was also expected to help boost the Indonesian economy as a whole.The merger of the three Islamic banks was also expected to overcome the capitalization problems occurring in the Islamic banking sector in Indonesia. With the combined strength of these three state-owned Islamic banks, it was expected to strengthen the position of the Islamic financial industry in Indonesia and promote more inclusive economic growth. Furthermore, BSI was expected to attract more customers to use Islamic financial products and services in Indonesia. In addition to raising public awareness of Islamic finance, Bank Syariah Indonesia was expected to make an important contribution to the development of the Islamic economy in Indonesia. However, as with all newly formed companies, BSI faced several challenges and risks. Some of these include increased competition with Islamic and other conventional banks, compliance with strict regulations and standards, and preparation to deal with various operational and financial risks. In an effort to overcome these challenges, BSI needed to strengthen risk management and ensure compliance with strict regulations and standards. In addition, BSI also needed to continue to innovate and improve its sharia financial products and services so that they remain relevant and can compete with other banks. Overall, the merger of three state-owned Islamic banks to become Bank Syariah Indonesia was expected to strengthen the position of the Islamic finance industry in Indonesia and help drive more inclusive economic growth in the country. However, these startups faced various challenges and risks and must strengthen risk management and continue to innovate to remain relevant and competitive in the growing Islamic financial market.

In this era of increasing globalization, exports play an essential role in the Indonesian economy. Exports are activities carried out by companies or businesses in a country by selling their products outside their country of origin. Exporting is an activity that describes the competitiveness of a country's economy. It is also a by-product of Indonesia's diverse experience, innovation, productivity, and human resources quality. To increase exports, the Government seeks to produce half a million exporters in 9 years. Finance Minister Sri Mulyani Indrawati is optimistic that she will be able to print up to 500 thousand new exporters in 2030.

Many companies have dared to export to various countries, but unfortunately, domestic MSMEs have a low contribution value to Indonesia's export earnings. According to the data obtained, only 14.7% of MSMEs export, which is very small compared to APEC member countries that have reached 35% of MSME exports.

BNI Chairman Director Royke Tumilaar said that P.T. Bank Negara Indonesia, Tbk (BNI) is receiving a mandate from the Ministry of State Enterprises to become an Indonesian international bank that can encourage domestic business players to access global markets. Furthermore, he said: "Export-oriented MSMEs have grown quite a bit, and we have seen some cities quite successful. It is an opportunity for BNI to open up export services for MSMEs. P.T. Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero) Tbk continues to explore its international business potential and can connect with the diaspora in various countries.

To support the country's Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) to enter the international market and support government programs, in 2021, P.T. Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. (BNI) has presented the BNI Xpora solution (Export UKM Solution), a solution for SMEs to become productive, global, and digital with the motto Export So Easy. Royke said, in providing Xpora, that it is a platform to help MSMEs transform faster and help them go global.

For the sake of promoting the ambitious project, Lippo has poured more than Rp 1.5 trillion in marketing funds. The massive Meikarta advertisements have been seen since the beginning of 2017. Almost all promotional media such as television, radio, newspapers, billboards, and social media are full of Meikarta advertisements, which offer classy metropolitan residences in the east of Jakarta. The buyers' interest was so high that the order for apartments in Meikarta had reached 16,800 units and these sales got the MURI record as the most apartment unit sales in one day until it was discovered that the Meikarta Project did not have an Environmental Impact Analysis (Amdal) and Building Permit (IMB) permit. The Consumer Protection Act prohibits businesses from offering, promoting, and advertising goods or services that are not yet available. The Flats Act states that the developer must at least have a permit to construct flats if they market before construction. The government should strictly prohibit the sale of property that is not accompanied by a full license. Buying and selling an unfinished apartment needs to be stopped because it may be hazardous for the buyer. Apartment consumers are always in a weak position if the project is stalled or the developer goes bankrupt.

The income of the premium of the life insurance industry declined during the COVID-19 pandemic and caused the industry to post losses (Exhibit 1). And Government Regulation Number 21 of 2020 on Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) to stay at home and maintain a distance so that sales agents cannot sell insurance products face-to-face directly to potential customers. The president director of Prudential Indonesia, Jens Reisch said that "the appearance of COVID-19 in Indonesia has caused activities to occur at home, one of which is the implementation of Working From Home (WFH). In this context, Prudential undertook various initiatives to continue providing services that meet customer needs." To address these issues, Prudential Indonesia and other companies that are members of the Indonesian Life Insurance Association (AAJI) applied to the financial services authority (OJK) through letter Number 087 / IA.KPI / AAJI / 2020 dated March 24. 2020 on the Proposed Changes to Various Regulations Related to Marketing and Marketing. Sale of Insurance Products to Prepare the Life Insurance Industry to Face Problems Caused by the Corona Virus and Facing the Digital Era and letter number 101 / PRI / AAJI / V / 2020 regarding May 5, 2020, PAYDI marketing applications with direct meetings in digital or electronic media. In response to this letter, on June 22, 2020, Prudential Indonesia obtained permission from the Financial Services Authority (OJK) to conduct virtual face-to-face marketing of unit-linked insurance products. The wave of digitization has affected various sectors, fields, and industries, including life insurance. Preparation for digitization in the insurance industry is ripe because many have invested in digital technology. Additionally, many insurance companies have collaborated with digital technology companies to improve customer services to be more efficient and faster. The president and director of Prudential Indonesia, Jens Reisch, said that "the appearance of COVID-19 in Indonesia has caused activities to occur at home, one of which is the implementation of Working From Home (WFH). In this context, Prudential carries out several initiatives to continue providing services that meet customer needs". In the process, Jens managed to find a solution after many discussions with his team, "We are proud to have obtained permission from OJK to market unit link products through a virtual face-to-face, and launch a digital marketing channel, called PRUCekatan. The product uses integrated end-to-end digital systems and capabilities. Prudential Indonesia's marketing strategy was developed and managed directly by Prudential Indonesia. Customers and prospects can now consult with marketers about their insurance needs and realize life insurance applications anytime, anywhere in Indonesia conveniently and most importantly, safe. "