Fact Finding
One stage in problem solving method from Osborne is fact finding. Every problems needs creative ideas. A good thought always produce good creative ideas, those are ideas formed from the combination of instict, intuition, and logic. Those combination will form a common sense, and useful in thinking creatively and doing innovatively. To get a goot outcome on fact inding stage is to be able to collect data, in understanding situation and condition, and having a deep feeling to be able to get involved in the existing problem. The Creative Problem Solving untuk fact finding stage bisa dilakukan dengan berpikir divergent. Menurut Reynolds, C.R. and Fletcher-Janzen, E. (2007 : 566). This divergent phase includes : Data are gathered; situations is examined from many viewpoints; info, impressions, feelings are collected.
On fact finding stage, you will need to be able to understand what is the issue. Next step is to review from when and until when that problem will occur. You also need to be able to analyze why that problem happened at that time and place. Then another vital thing to be reviewed is why and how that problem could occur. Those things needs to be done focusedly and thoroughly, because problem solving process needs to be emphasized on knowledge and understanding. Such as the opinion from Smith, K. (2011 : xv) : Process is stressed over insight and understanding. On fact finding stage, you will need to be able to understand what is the issue.
Wide knowledge and good understanding will supports data exploration of the problem encountered. Collected data has to be valid and has high reliability number so it can be used as analysis and discussion base in obtaining the right conclusion. This data accuracy is supported with study about who are getting involved in this issue and who could be involved in finding the solution of the encountered problem. An accurate data won’t give a multi interpretation from what has been served on the table. Measurement is always difficult, but measuring accuracy data presents complications that have no analogue in physical measurement (Pierce, E.M., Madnik, S.E., and Zwass, V., 2005 : 21).
On fact finding stage data could be collected from problems occurred in unexpected moments or could be when a process happened when it should not be. Also needs to be notified that a condition will become an issue in a time or place it has not been happened in if it happened some somwhere else or some other time. Therefore, you need to review and understand a condition thorouhly to obtain data empiricaly. Data with that kind of qualification is a special data, and will give a picture corresponding the phenomenon of the problem being solved. Often empirical data (and in particular spontaneous data) is considered privileged data, and arguments are mounted to do away with introspective data (Andrea C. Schalley, A.C., 2012 : 6). Empirical data is a data corresponding with the fact in the field, so it is very important to be used as a problem solution with the objects involved.
References :
Pierce, E.M., Madnik, S.E., & Zwass, V. (2005). Information Quality, Vol. 1. New York : M.E. Sharpe.
Schalley, A.C. (2012). Practical Theories and Empirical Practice: A linguistic perspective. Vol 40th Human Cognitive Processing. Amsterdam : John Benjamins Publishing.
Cecil R. Reynolds, C.R. & Fletcher-Janzen, E. (2007). Encyclopedia of Special Education: A Reference for the Education of Children, Adolescents, and Adults with Disabilities and Other Exceptional Individuals, Vol. 1. New Jersey : John Wiley & Sons.
Smith, K. (2011). Precalculus: A Functional Approach to Graphing and Problem Solving. The Jones & Bartlett learning series in mathematics. Massachusetts : Jones & Bartlett Publishers.
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